Condensed matter · PDF notes

Topology in condensed-matter physics

A consolidated guide to topological phases, topological defects, and Landau theory of phase transitions.

This collection brings together three compact references: topology in condensed-matter systems, topological defects in ordered media, and the Landau description of phase transitions. Together they connect global geometric structure, the classification of singular configurations, and symmetry-breaking order parameters.

Topology in condensed-matter physics

  • Berry curvature and its symmetry properties
  • Why insulating gaps matter for topological invariants
  • Chern numbers and transverse Hall response
  • The SSH model, winding numbers, and edge modes
  • Level crossings and topological phase transitions
  • Integer quantum Hall physics
  • Jackiw-Rebbi solutions and anti-unitary symmetries

Topological defects

  • Order-parameter spaces and continuous deformations
  • The role of homotopy groups in classifying defects
  • Point, line, and texture-like defects
  • Examples from nematics, superfluids, and XY models

Landau theory of phase transitions

  • Continuous and first-order transitions in a mean-field description
  • Order parameters and spontaneous symmetry breaking
  • Free-energy expansions and stability of ordered phases
  • Why Landau theory becomes unreliable close to a critical point

Use the topology PDF as a map of topological band theory, the defects PDF to translate symmetry-breaking problems into homotopy classifications, and the Landau PDF to compare these ideas with conventional phase transitions.